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A master's thesis at Kirkuk University examines the health risks of heavy metals in commercially available meat.
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A master's thesis at Kirkuk University examines the health risks of heavy metals in commercially available meat.

21 July 2026
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A master's thesis at the College of Science, University of Kirkuk, investigated the health risks of certain heavy metals in meat samples and processed meats sold in Kirkuk, Iraq.

The thesis, submitted by student Catherine Mohammed Marai, aimed to assess the concentrations of heavy metals and the level of health risks resulting from the consumption of various types of meat sold in Kirkuk. Laboratory analyses were conducted using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) at the University of Kufa. The health risks were assessed based on the estimated daily intake (EDI), the target risk share (THQ), and the cumulative hazard index (HI).

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